Emerging Challenges in Antimicrobial Resistance: Implications for Pathogenic Microorganisms, Novel Antibiotics, and their Impact on Sustainability

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global public health challenge, causing severe infections, complications, longer hospital stays, and increased mortality rates. Factors include improper use of antibiotics, lack of access to clean water, sanitation, hygiene, poor infection prevention, and lack of awareness. MDR bacteria like E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus spp., Acinetobacter spp., and Klebsiella pneumonia can cause death. The United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) place AMR in the context of global public health and socioeconomic issues. Strategies like One Health are being implemented to combat AMR and its impact on sustainability and sustainable development goals.